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<h3 class="p1">With the journey to net zero 2050 in full swing, aircraft cabin design will play a key role in the shift to more sustainable practices for airlines and operators. Elena Lodge reports.</h3>
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<p class="p1">On hearing <span class="s1">the phrase </span>“sustainable aviation”, you might first think of new technologies, zero-emissions flight or sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). All of these are vital to meeting the ambitious net zero 2050 target, but not to be forgotten is the aircraft cabin interior.</p>
<p class="p2">Not only is the aircraft cabin a key passenger touchpoint, it also provides ample opportunity for cutting emissions and reducing the environmental impact of a flight with just a few eco-conscious tweaks. For instance, selecting the lightest weight products possible can help to reduce emissions, while considering the material and lifecycle of a product can help maximise the lifecycle of a product and minimise waste.</p>
<p class="p1">As operators and OEMs alike seek to optimise their operations and reduce carbon emissions wherever possible, the cabin interior is one area of operations at the forefront of this shift to sustainable aviation. As the famous maxim goes, “change starts from within”, so what are these changes and how are they helping to bridge the gap to net zero?</p>
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<h3>&#8220;Smarter interior designs and the use of low-carbon or more sustainable luxury materials could help to limit the environmental impact of refits.&#8221;</h3>
<p>Monica Sogn, Head of CMF, Tangerine</p>
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<p class="p2">BY DESIGN</p>
<p class="p2">London-based strategic design consultancy Tangerine specialises in transportation design, with a number of clients within the aviation and aerospace industry.</p>
<p class="p1">The last six months has seen Tangerine launch or unveil projects with LOT Polish Airlines’ B787, Southwest Airlines’ B737 and Japan Airlines’ international A350-1000, which involved the introduction of the industry’s first built-in speaker seats in partnership with Safran. Among the consultancy’s other clients are Asiana, Azul, British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Finnair, Gulf Air and Virgin Australia. A key part of Tangerine’s work with clients involves finding innovative solutions regarding sustainability, says Monica Sogn, Head of CMF (colour, material, finish).</p>


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<p class="p1">“For clients such as Japan Airlines, our sustainable CMF expertise has been helping them to meet their ESG goals by helping them to make better informed decisions about the materials they will use for their retrofit programmes,” she says. In addition to finding and advising on the right materials, Tangerine places high priority on helping its clients find the lightest weight products possible.</p>
<p class="p1">“Weight is the biggest driver for CO<span class="s1">2 </span>emissions and fuel costs for an airline, and as such it is always a focus to keep it down,” says Sogn.</p>
<p class="p1">“It can also be about balancing the quality of the component or material and design for repairability, to prolong the lifetime of the product. For instance, if you make something too lightweight it is often not very durable.</p>
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<p class="p1">“Achieving that balance is something Tangerine are experts in. We come at the challenge with a customer focus but also understand the technical and maintenance processes to help our clients make informed choices that get the right levels of cost vs weight vs durability.”</p>
<p class="p1">Whereas weight has always been a known consideration in aircraft cabin design over the years, some factors for consideration have only come into play recently, with the introduction of sustainability initiatives leading the charge.</p>
<p class="p1">Circularity refers to the total environmental impact of a product, and it has become more and more of a key focus for airlines and operators seeking to find the best products for their aircraft.</p>
<p class="p1">“People involved in aircraft cabin interior programmes are increasingly evaluating the total environmental impact of cabin interior designs as part of a ‘circular’ consideration,” says Sogn.</p>
<p class="p1">“This means that modularity, repairability and durability are all being considered to close the loop and quantity the total environmental impact of one choice over another one to inform decisions made during the design process.”</p>


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<p class="p1">The approach to sourcing sustainable, circular products involves transparency with clients, says Sogn, who recommends starting with a material that’s already been recycled or has come from a renewable resource. Tangerine then works with the airline to understand what happens during service to guarantee the material is robust, before factoring in considerations of after-life use and what options are available. Attaining products using circular considerations can be particularly important for business aviation clients, in addition to adopting the uptake of SAF as it becomes more readily available. “Smarter interior designs and the use of low-carbon or more sustainable luxury materials could also help to limit the environmental impact of refits,” says Tangerine’s Head of CMF.</p>
<p class="p1">“As with the commercial aircraft industry, modularity could be a crucial factor, so what aspects of the interior could be modified, replaced and updated without needing a wholesale rip out to update the interior to a customer’s requirements.”</p>


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Change starts from within – Inflight Magazine, Sustainability Feature - Tangerine

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Change starts from within – Inflight Magazine, Sustainability Feature

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<h3 class="p1">The system involves “up and over sliding doors” in a staggered layout that aim to maximise space inside the capsule and allow for simultaneous loading and unloading.</h3>
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<p class="p1">By Abbey Bamford, Design Week<b>,</b> October 31, 2023 4:33 pm</p>
<p class="p1">Tangerine has unveiled its design of an express freight system for Hyperloop TT, capable of loading and unloading freight onto a capsule in 13.2 seconds.</p>
<p class="p1">Hyperloop is a high-speed transportation system, similar in size to a small commercial aircraft without wings. It involves pressurized capsules that levitate on a near-frictionless magnetic field within tubes.</p>


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<p class="p1">While there are several different Hyperloop companies developing services around the world, Tangerine’s client is Hyperloop TT, which claims that its system has “a low implementation cost compared to other high-speed transportation methods”. It describes how its capsules are “engineered and designed for ultra-high speeds using cutting-edge composite materials and safety features”.</p>
<p class="p1">The whole proposition for Hyperloop transport is that its “cheaper than air and faster than trucks”, says Tangerine chief creative officer Matt Round. The speed element it not just about how fast the trains travel around countries but also about loading and unloading as fast as possible to make the whole service efficient, according to Round.</p>
<p class="p1">The studio was tasked with designing a system for loading and unloading express freight – which is smaller than large cargo containers – into the Hyperloop capsules. Round says he avoided “looking sideways” at competitors and being influenced too much by other industries, and instead spoke to the different stakeholders to understand what was important for this system.</p>
<p class="p1">Round defines the four key “design drivers” for the project as: loading the freight as fast as possible; integrating with existing infrastructure; maximising freight volume inside the capsule; and creating a flexible system that would cater to different customer demands.</p>
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<p class="p1">Tangerine senior designer Ryan Braggins explains how maximising freight volume meant testing “different door mechanisms and different sized doors”. He says the studio initially thought to have bigger doors to speed up loading but realised this would “increase the time for the pressurised DockLock to open” and risk changing the conditions of the vacuum.</p>
<p class="p1">The DockLock is “an air lock that sucks on to the capsule, equalising the pressure inside and outside the tube”, according to Round. He says that keeping the capsule inside the vacuum and not changing its “atmospheric conditions” makes the “structural capabilities of the capsule last significantly longer” and limits degradation.</p>


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<p class="p1">Tangerine came up with a solution that involves “up and over sliding doors”, says Braggins, which utilises the rounded shape of the capsule and seeks to maximise the internal space. The layout of the doors was a more challenging element, as Tangerine had to create 3D animations to calculate loading/unloading times, according to Braggins.</p>
<p class="p1">He explains how “staggered doors” allow for a “steady constant flow of loading and unloading”. In practice, this means when a capsule arrives into the station, freight can be simultaneously loaded and unloaded. Tangerine calculated that this system can load a capsule in 13.2 seconds, with freight moving at walking speed, from the moment that the airlocks engage and the doors open.</p>


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<p class="p1">The load devices run across a roller ball flooring system, which is a modified version of a proprietary system by Collins Aerospace currently used inside the cargo hold of airplanes.</p>
<p class="p1">Solutions included “leveraging technologies” and “integrating into existing infrastructure” so Hyperloop TT don’t have to “make a completely new piece of technology” every time they create something new, explains Round. He adds that it was an “inviable proposition” to have freight and passengers in the same capsule, however, capsules and tubes of the same diameter are used for both people and freight, meaning more freight can be loaded at times when there are less passengers or vice versa.</p>
<p class="p1">A feasibility study around the economics of Hyperloop TT’s plans was carried out in 2019/2020. Round reveals that £698.6 million has been secured to build the first commercial Hyperloop in Northern Italy, just outside Venice, to “prove the prototype”.</p>


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Tangerine reveals super-fast express freight system designed for Hyperloop TT - Design Week - Tangerine

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Tangerine reveals super-fast express freight system designed for Hyperloop TT &#8211; Design Week

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<h3>Design shapes Experience UK design consultancy tangerine is shaping people’s experience of travel, leisure and hospitality</h3>
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<p>Bouncing back from a quieter period during the pandemic, internationally renowned design studio tangerine is flourishing with partnerships involving some of World’s most ambitious transport, infrastructure and construction projects.</p>
<p>Now entering its thirty-fifth year, the impact of tangerine’s design consulting can be felt further afield and as broadly than ever. Its nimble team of experienced, multidisciplinary designers</p>
<p>are helping leading transport providers, manufacturers and construction engineering businesses to create products, services and experiences that are bringing tangible benefits to customers while also improving operations.</p>
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<p>Maintaining its leading position in Aviation, tangerine’s cabin interior designs for Japan Airlines and LOT Polish Airlines were revealed in 2023. Both projects involved translating the unique qualities of airlines’ brands and drawing on cultural identity to create exceptional passenger experiences. For LOT this meant cabin interiors inspired by the Polish landscape. Vibrant, deep blues emanate perfectly from the LOT brand, while the addition of copper alludes to the warmth of the Polish sun. Whereas for JAL, it meant incorporating Japanese elements. Such as in First Class, where privacy doors feature beautifully crafted in latticework reminiscent of Ukiyoe artwork and traditional woodcraft.</p>
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<p>At the forefront of New Mobility, tangerine partnered with two leading companies on opposite sides of the globe, helping turn pioneering technologies into manufacturable commercial products.</p>
<p>Building on its rich experience in China – collaborating with the likes of CRRC, the world’s largest rollingstock manufacturer,<br />
EV automaker Weimar Motors and Aircraft Manufacturer COMAC – tangerine won a competitive process to partner with Volkswagen Group China. The project entailed the design of its very electrically powered vertical take-off aircraft ‘V.MO’.</p>
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<p>The German Design Award 2024 winning prototype was unveiled by Volkswagen and has already passed several important flight tests. The emission-free, fully electric and automated eVTOL could eventually carry four passengers plus luggage over a distance of up to 200km and is aimed initially at high-net worth Chinese customers.</p>
<p>Throughout the design process, tangerine worked very closely with the Volkswagen and Sunward to make the fuselage design aligned with manufacturing processes. The style, format, and layout of the eVTOL and its interior was influenced by insights from user research with over a hundred high-net-worth individuals in China. The progressive design language gives a foretaste of the future of private and individual mobility in the air.</p>
<p>“It’s truly exciting that V.MO is pushing beyond flashy concept designs to focus on the near delivery of working prototypes that are being tested in the air”, says tangerine Director Weiwei He.</p>
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<p>In the US, tangerine is supporting Hyperloop TT in its mission to deliver its super-fast transportation system, involving pressurized capsules that levitate on a near-frictionless magnetic field within tubes.</p>
<p>Focusing on the commercially lucrative freight market, tangerine’s high-speed concept design is capable of loading and unloading freight onto Hyperloop TT capsules in 13.2 seconds.</p>
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<p>The whole proposition for Hyperloop transport is that its “cheaper than air and faster than trucks”, says tangerine chief creative officer Matt Round. The speed element is not just about how fast the trains travel around countries but also about loading and unloading as fast as possible to make the whole service efficient, according to Round.</p>
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<p>tangerine came up with a solution that involves up and over sliding doors, which utilises the rounded shape of the capsule and seeks to maximise the internal space. Staggered doors allow for a simultaneous, constant flow of loading and unloading of freight in the station.</p>
<p>Hyperloop TT is now moving into the next phase of development, securing £698.6 million to build the first commercial Hyperloop in Northern Italy to prove the prototype.</p>
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<p>Following a successful partnership with the engineering construction group, Hassan Allam, to translate the architectural masterplan for the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) in Cairo into a user experience blueprint for the destination, tangerine won a partnership in 2023 with premium lifestyle development Al Areen, located in the Kingdom of Bahrain.</p>
<p>Instead of tackling a single cultural attraction, tangerine was tasked with defining the overall vision and user experience blueprint for residents and visitors across nearly 2 million square meters of mixed-use land. The site can accommodate 25,000 people, and comprises 16 major clusters including commercial offices, retail units, restaurants, hotels, health and education facilitates and a range of residential communities.</p>
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<p>Using a range of service design tools including a cultural immersion, ethnography, user and stakeholder interviews, user journey mapping and user mode definition – a vision for Al Areen was created, ‘A wellbeing destination for families, immersed in nature and grounded in Bahraini culture’.</p>
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<p>Four design key principles: Resilience, Wellbeing, Iconic and Sustainable would shape the refinement of the experience and the creation of a framework for the components of the destination. tangerine then gave colour to the fundamental experiences through artistic impressions of the look and feel and key experiential attributes.</p>
<p>“Great designers are passionate, empathic to users &amp; stakeholders, problem solvers and have the skillset to bring ideas to life”,<br />
says Geraint Edwards, Chief Growth Officer at tangerine. “Across all our projects our team deftly research, strategise and design experiences that best fits a client’s users and their operation. Importantly, we then also have the expertise to help businesses to implement our designs effectively”.</p>
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Design shapes experience – New Design Showcase 2024 - Tangerine

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Design shapes experience – New Design Showcase 2024

<p><span class="ui-provider a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ab ac ae af ag ah ai aj ak" dir="ltr">We are delighted to announce that Volkswagen Group&#8217;s Sky Garden eVTOL Prototype has won the German Design Award! tangerine is proud to have collaborated with Yuting Liu and Duan Zhu from Volkswagen China, as the design team behind this creative endeavor.</span></p>


<p>Volkswagen Group China recently unveiled its first electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) passenger drone prototype, the concept is based on existing autonomous driving solutions and battery technology for emission-free mobility. This fully electric and automated eVTOL could eventually carry four passengers plus luggage over a distance of up to 200km. It aims initially at high-net-worth tech-savvy Chinese customers.</p>


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<h3>Statement of the jury</h3>
<p>The electrically powered vertical take-off aircraft &#8216;V.MO&#8217; looks like a drone and works in a similar way. The cabin, which is as spacious as it is luxurious, offers space for four people plus luggage and promises a breathtaking view through the large windows. Only a prototype so far, but with its progressive design language it gives a foretaste of the future of private and individual mobility in the air.</p>


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Volkswagen Group China Sky Garden eVTOL Prototype wins German Design Award 2024 - Tangerine

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Volkswagen Group China Sky Garden eVTOL Prototype wins German Design Award 2024

<h3 class="page-title"><span style="font-size: 16px;">The aircraft uses an X-wing configuration like a drone and is intended to be used to travel across urban areas.</span></h3>
<p class="article-meta"><span class="byline">By <span class="author vcard">Abbey Bamford, Design Week, </span></span><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2022-07-29T15:04:14+01:00"><span class="hentry-date">July 29, 2022</span></time></p>
<p>London-based studio Tangerine has collaborated with Volkswagen Group China on the design of the car manufacturer’s first urban aircraft prototype, V.MO. The name is a reference to the project name, Vertical Mobility.</p>
<p>Though the project has been in the works for several years, Tangerine joined the team in February 2022 after winning a competitive pitch to be VW China’s design partner, according to Tangerine director Weiwei He. The studio is responsible for “considering the user expectation, VW Group’s brand, and the engineering requirements to create designs for the exterior and interior of the aircraft,” says He.</p>
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<p>Chinese machine manufacturer Sunward took on the building and engineering requirements of the first prototype. VW Group China carried out the user research as well as coordinating the programme and reviewing the design and engineering work.</p>
<p>The private eVTOL (electric vertical take-off and landing) service is a high-end travel concept initially aimed at wealthy Chinese customers who travel between Chinese megacities for business and leisure. VW and Tangerine say that they targeted over one hundred individuals of this description across China for user research, which heavily influenced the design.</p>


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<p>He says that a challenge of the brief was “making it look great and fit the luxury user requirements, while working within lots of different engineering requirements and limitations”. One consideration was coming up with “innovative ideas and methodologies to best define the experience of getting in and out of the aircraft using the eVTOL skate and door dimensions, and then maximation of the interior space to provide enough capacity to create a luxury interior,” she adds.</p>
<p>Tangerine was chosen for the partnership because of its experience in commercial aircraft design and knowledge of passenger experience, according to He. “The exterior is just a taster of what’s to come and we look forward to showcasing the interior design and total customer experience in the near future,” she says.</p>


<h3>How does V.MO work?</h3>
<p>With eight fixed upward propellors and two rear forward propulsion propellors, the aircraft is designed to be able to carry four passengers and luggage for up to 200 kilometres. It is purely electric and fully autonomous, attempting to “build on existing autonomous driving solutions and battery technology to create zero-emission mobility”, according to VW China.</p>


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<p>V.MO utilises an aerodynamic skate to lift the vehicle from the ground and support passengers as the enter and exit the cabin. To keep passengers away from the propellors, the aerodynamic cabin is located under the wings, which are 11.2 metres long and span 10.6 metres.</p>
<p>From its X-wing configuration to its black and gold colour scheme, the eVTOL aims to look and feel like the ultimate luxury travel experience, according to VW. The colour palette also nods to the Chinese lunar year of the Tiger and can be read as meaning “more powerful than a tiger”, VW says.</p>


<h2>What’s next?</h2>
<p>Flight testing for the first prototype is already underway, with further prototypes in the development stage. Several more rounds of flight testing are planned for the second half of this year, which will be followed by higher standards of testing for the improved prototypes in summer 2023.</p>
<p>He explains that, while this first prototype is “targeted at private ownership”, future variations of the aircraft will cater to “different user cases”.</p>


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<p>VW China’s CEO Dr. Feng Shin also hints that the tech might not be limited to China for much longer. “With the long-term goal of promoting the industrialisation of this field, we are committed to opening up new opportunities in this emerging and fast-growing market with more wings,” he says.</p>
<p>In recent years, a market for urban aircrafts has begun to emerge and there have been many similar attempts to design and make a vehicle that resembles a flying car, such as Dutch manufacturer Pal-V’s venture in 2017 and Porsche and Boeing’s collaboration in 2019.</p>


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